Master-machine for controlling hydraulic elevators.



J. E. BOYCE MASTER MACHINE FOR CONTROLLING HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS.

APPLxcATloN min MAY io, :910.

1, 182,245. Patented May 9, 1916A 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3. 177i i.

O O Z0 5 Alves/ITO@ @59; tfozmm JOHN n. Boron, F NEW Yoan,

N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO @TIS ELEVTQR- CGIPINY, CE

JERSEY-CTY, NEWJERSEY, A COIi'iPOltATIGIv OE NEX!! MASTER-MACHINE FOR CONTROLLING HYIYRALC Application le May 10, 1910.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN E; Boron, a citizen ofI the United States, residing in New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented a new and useful 'Improvement in Master-Machines for Controlling Hydraulic Elevators. of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to means for controlling the starting and stopping of elevators or other hoisting apparatus, and is particularly adapted for automatically controlled hydraulic elevators.

In elevators of this type it is customaryr to employ a Hoor controller geared to the elevator car or some other part of the clevator which operates in unison with the. car, and to provide in conjunctionwith the tloor controller an .electric push-button system, whereby whenever a push-button in the car or at one of the floor landings has been operated, the valve controlling the flow of liquid to and from the plunger cylinder will be automatically operated at a predetermined point inthe travel of the ca r. iu ordcr to bring the car to rest lioor landing. In this operation it is necessary to commence the movement ot' the valve before the car reaches the lloor at which itis desired to stop. The distance, however, through which 'the car travels'iinbeing brought to rest, when the valve is operated at 'a given speed, varies with the. loadiand speed of the car, so that with thc controlling apparatus usuallyemployed it is impossible to bring the car'uniforinly to rest at the tloor landings with thc varying conditions if load and speed of the car foundin prae- .ice.V An object of 4.the present invention is 3o overcome this defect and bring the car luiformly to rest at any desired floor landng', irrespective of load conditions and :peed of the ear at the CommenceIrwnt of o ration of the valve. -T his object iis-attained y providingmeans for' operating the valve t a speed proportional to that of the car.

Otherv objects of the invention, and .the exct nature thereof will appear more fully ereinafter. A

In the accompanying drawings, which lustrate a construction embodying;r the resent invention-Figurel is a part secoual elevation view of a master machine r operating the main valve of a plunger evator; Fig. 2 is a plan view of a portion Specification cf Letters Patent.

at'the correspondingr `the plunger Patented Maj; 9. 1 gli. Serial Eo, 560,4'fs.

eci

adapted ior use with alternating current.y

systems,

The elevator car C is carried by aplunger 10. movable up and down in the plunger cylinder 11. The flow of liquid to and from the cylinder is controlled by means of a main valve V which as herein shown is of a well-known construction. This valve coinprises a valve cylinder 1Q- in which is adapted to reciprocate a piston valve 13` This ,Y valve when in a central position as shown,

cuts ofi' the flow of liquid between the cyl-A inder 11 and the pressure and exhaust pipes l and E, respectively. If the. valve 13 is moved upward, the pressure pipe P is conneci'cd through the to-and-froni pipe 14 to the c vlinder 1l. supplying pressure beneath l0 to lift the car. lf the valve 13 is moved below cout-ral position, the cylinder ll is connfA-,ctcd with the exhaust E permitting the car to descend by gravity the weight ol' thc car and plunger forcing the liquid out from thc cylinder l1 through the exhaust.. The pistou, 13 is operated by means ot a rack bar 15 in mesh with the pinion 16 rigidly connected with a wheel 17. An endless sprocket chain 18 is connected at 19 to the elevator car and runsovcranupper sprocket w'hccl 20 and a lower sprocket wheel 21. 'lhe latter is secured to a shaft on which is also rigidly mounted a sprocket pinion 23 geared through a. sprocket; chain 24 to sprocket wheel Q5 of a floor controller F. The latter may be of usual or well-known construction and operates in the usual'way to control the various circuits of the pushbutton system.

Referring. particularly to Figs. 1, 2 and 3. the 'master controller machine comprises the shaft. 22 already referred to, which iS jiun-nalcd in standards and 27 supported b v a bcdplate 2S. rl'he sprocket wheel 21 is rigidlv connected with an annular clutch member formed with clutch teeth adapt-- ed to intermesh with corresponding teeth i sleeve '32 pivotally mounted on formed 'on the clutch member 30. The latter is adapted to be moved int-o and out er' engagement with the .clutch member 29 by means of 31 rigidly eomiected with a vertical bearing the pin The arms 31 strad die the clutch member 3() and are provided with pins carrying anti-friction. rollers 34" and orming con nection between said arms and the clutch member. rigidly connected with the clutch member 30 is a pulley 35 formed with an annular tir-ange 36 provided with clutcht .i adapted to mesh with a clutch member 57 formed on a. spur gear wheel 38. The latter is journaled `for rotation on the shaft but is held against move-ment longitudinally of the shaftV Gear wheel 38 meshes with a pinion 39 keyed to a stub shaft 40 journaled in the standard 27. On the opposite A end of the shaft 40 is a gear wheel 41 in mesh'with a -pinion 42011 the end of the drive shaft of an electric motor M. The clutch lever 31 is adapted to be operated, by an` electromagnet A. The outer end of the 43 to a screwthe magnet. Coil spring 45. between the magnet frame and a collar 46 adjustably mounted on the rod 44 serves to move the clutch lever tothe left, Fig. 2, when the magnet is dener ,'zed. The pulley 35 is gearedto the pulley 17 by an endless belt or cable 47. l

When the elevator car is at rest, the parts Will assume the relative positions shown in the drawings. If now current is supplied to the motor M and` electro-magnet A as hereinafter described, the electro-magnet will be energized and move the clutch lever 31 to the right, Fig. 2,'thereby disconnecting the clutch members 29 and 30 and connecting the clutch members 36 and 37. The motor M will at the same time'be operated and transmit motion through the train of gears "'42, 41. 39 and 38,*clutch "members 37 and 36, Ipulley 35, `eelt 47, pulley 17, pinion, 16-

and rack 15, thereby .moving the vali-ie"j piston 13a cylinder,

either up or down, depending, upon the direction in which the motor M is rotated.-

llVhen the valve 13 has reached its limit of movement, determined by the upper valve striking the head 13" of the valve or by any other suitable stop device the electric motor will be brought to rest, although the current through the mo tor may be maintained until the valve is again operated toward central position.

To stop the car, the current supply is eut oil from the motor and electromagnet as the car approaches the desired floor landing. The magnet A. being denergized the spring 45 moves the clutch lever 31 to the lert disengaging the clutch members 36 and 37 and engaging the ciutch members S29 and 30.

a clutch lever comprising arms the armature of 1,1 sarees the mot-ion is transmitted through the belt 47 to the valve mechanism and moves the' valve to central position, thereby cutting ed the flow of lieuidbetween the main valve and plunge-rl cylinder, so that the car 'is brought to rest. As the peripheral speed oi'i the wheel 21 is equa-l to the speed of the car, the valve 1B will be moved to central posit-ion at a. speed directly proportional to that. of the car and the latter will therefore be brought to rest in a given distance ,ot travel, which will be the same whether the is moving slowly or at a high rate of speed Awhen the magnet A is operated. The clutch members are so spaced that only vone pair of clutch faces can be engaged at a time there-.bv preventing interlocking of the two trains of gearing extending from the pulley 35. Sufficient .lost motion is also provided between the intermeshirgmclutch teeth to n. whet:

gage.

The electrical controlling apparatus and circuits will. noir,v be' described. This ap-Y paratus as shown is designed for an elevator operating between` apparatus comprises the floor controllerfF already referred-to, a seriesof floor-v magnets, 1, 2, 3 and 4, a differentially Wound magnet I comprising coils 5 and 6,a car safety magnet 7, car pushfbuttonv switches a, l), c, (Z, a car safety switch S, floor land-- ing switches 0,', b, 'c, d', reversing Switch magnets U and D and reversingswitches R and R. vices are shown in the position assumed when the car is at rest at the second floor landing. Current is supplied from any suitable source through the positive and negative mains designated 4- and respectively.Y If a person at the fourth floor, for.

example, desiresto bring the car upto said floor, the pushfoutton dis operated and establishes a controlling circuit whichi may be traced from the positive main, through the main line switch H, conductor 50, contacts 51, 52, conductor 53, hatchway door .switches 54, conductor 55, safety switch S,

switch 57 while the current is confined to the circuit just traced. The floor magnet 4, however, closes th switch 64 and establishes The circuits and controlling dey of the fioor c0ntro1ler,.

four door landings The a circuit in parallel to the magnet coil (i, which circuit may be traced from the junction G5 between the coils fi and through a resistance l, conductor GT, and contacts h4. This parallel circuit permits a, divided cur rent, thereby reducing the strength oi the coil 6, so that the magnet l mayv operate to open the switch 57. The. opening of this switch )revente any interference at the floor landing switches as the circuit for the latter remains open until lthe magnet I has again been denergized. As the magnet U is energized the contact plate G8 is lifted into en gagement with the contacts 69, and 7l, thereby establishing a circuit for .the motor M and magnet A, which `circuit may be traced through the conductor 5U, contacts 3l and 52, contacts T3 and T-l. conductor 75. reversing switch contacts 43%), (3R. T1. resistf ance 76 to the arlnature of the motor M. From the latter the circuit extends through conductor 7T, lower switch contacts of reversing switch R and conductor (nl to the. negative main. A circuit is also established through the tield coil TS of the motor M, which circuit may be traced from the contact plate (3S of reversing switch R, through contact 70, conductor 7i), tield coil and conductor 63. The coil ot' the clutch inagnet A is'also connected across the mains, the circuit being shown in parallel with the field coil 78. A resistance 8l) is introduced into the clutch magnet circuit when the switch 81 is opened by the operation of the magnet. This resistance is for the purpose of reducing the amount ot' currcntconsinned after the magnet has operated and while it remains energized. As the motor M and clutch magnet A now receive current., the clutch will be operated :is before dcscrihed to connect the valve-operating mechanism with the motor M. The latter is rotated in a` direction to cause an upwaid movement ot the valve 121. so that liquid under pressure is admitted through the pipe 1( valve cylinder l2 and pipe i4 tothe plunger cylinder`r and operatesI in the usual way to lift theI car. As the car approachesl the floor landing corresponding to thc pushbutton Il which has been operated. the switch (3l) of the lloor controller is automatically opened, therelrv opening the controln ling circuit through thc lloor magnet l. magnet l and reversing .switch magnet lv. 'lila `e magnets hein-3g` dciincrn'izcl. the se. iiflrs wintiollcd thereby arc re ,ered :o their initial positions` and the current supply cut oliV from thc motor )l and clutch magnet The clutch is therefore shifted h v ini/ans; ot the Fpring 45, and the pulleyr :l5 connected to lla' sprocket '2l so that thc valve lil Will be returned to its central position as before described. As the floor controller F is geared to and acts in unison with the car, the Switch 60 of the floor controller is opened at a predetermined point. in the car travel which is always the same regardless; of the .epeetl olix the car. The point :it which the, switch l2() opened and the clutch operated is such that the main valve will be ullv closed and the car brought to rest directly oppoeite the floor landing.

The tloor controller le as shown diagramniaticafly, comprises the down or right hand series; ot' contacter1 such as Sl. 92, etc., and the "up" or left hand series of contacts Tl, ete. The right hand series of contacts are opened in succession during the downward travel of the car so that if any one of the floor magnets 3, 2 or 1 has been energized by the operation ot a push hatten, the circuit fer said magnet will he opened by the corresponding contact of the Hoor controller and will bring the car automaticallv to rest at the floor correspondingT to the button prenatale As the car desscends, the "up" or lett hard series ot' tloor controller contacts are cloned in s-licces'aive order, so thaty a circuit ma \v oe closed therethrmigh when it is deeired to faune the car to go up again. As the car goes; upwardl)v the np" series ot contacts are opened in succeesion nhile the "down series of contacts are in like manner succeesively closed so as to permit the car again to descend by closing a circuit through these latter contacte. Since the car is shown at the second floor landing. in Fig. l, both the up" and vdown7 contacts and 10G corresponding to the second floor will be in open position so that a circuit cannot he clored to the floor rela.)Y hv the pressing ot' either of the buttons l or ./1" coricsponilin;r to the second floor. '.lhe contacts lois' and Ui) will he closed so as to permit the car to go up to the third or i'onitii lloors while the contact lili' will be open as shown and will remain open until lust a li'cr the rar lea ves the third lloor landing. when it will close so as to permit a down" circuit therethrough and permit, the car to return lo the third floor it desired.

,Xs the lloor controller' is not newi having liceo in extensive use for a number of yearn and licing full)v illu.- trated and described for example in the patent to ('arichotl'. 783,174. issued February l` 1h05. for s vsteni of electrical control` and docs not per .Qc form a, par! ol the pir-sent invention, the structural l'i a: urc-- thereof lia i c not been shown hczein in dei.

lt' the car push-ladron X had been open ated the controlling circuit would he from the positive main through conductor 50. contacts .31. 32, conductor fifi, switches 5l, conductor 5I. safety switch S, conductor 5G, winding fi ot magnet F, magnet 7. conductor SL. switch rf', conductors QI, .39, floor magnet l, switch (S0. conductor (il, magnet. ll, conductors 32 and (3.3 to the negative main. The magnet 7 being energized closes the switch until the can' hns been smpped and the hahfl v my door opened lo restore the mugnels l find i and the hzilrliwziy dom :1g-.2mn cloned.

lf' it desired m hring the mn from lha' pnsitiinn shown lo a imver floor, thu pneh" hillton fr' for uxninph'e is ogierateil, Whiih gxhihlislhes a, Circuit. hrnngl. conductor 5G, :immens 5l, cnnlnnlor 523, Sivihvs 5-} wmluctnr 55, @nl Switch Si c'iixfnliwtor magnet I. avvii/fh .',1 i unndnctor 53 pn -5 inn switch a, conductor 90, floor magri L w'nilnctor 91, licor Controller switch 92, conl hurler 93, reve sing: swim-h. magnet l) and wznlmors (32 und 63 to the neg'ntiv main. 'Flin magnet l) hei ng encrgixid th rffvorsing which R' is olwinwil tu 3 'il'n'ish ii-it thrnngh th?y mutui" mul clutch nnrgjne, linfrfrr. iixf'ifrrgjti [hula h? lire limi "'l' Am' ihrong'h the munir armature is revarrserl in n wel! known nmnncr. Thil iunior will lhnrefore ne operated in the reverse direcion and e-ferl. (he downward movement nl' the valve 13 mi that the plunger ryliniler is cnw 'inwind with the exhaust l pfsrmilfing ihn mr in nscenfl As the mi nimm; ihn Sirs( llnwr. the switch Sli v' fha fluor fmilrwlli-r is :mlfn'eaiilimliy ugwenwfl in liiinn 'zn llln: rhli'zfll ningnnl :nf: wrnn this pulley 5.5i ln l fnniefflnrl im :'zl'iltinn will; thv Slvflvlf nime! "2, ma if f1' The) wheel 2l, hun:A l writing in ihn rggrpositn f lirnrtinn :is l, l i ilfmconiinl.y Mnl will thm'cl'mn lift i* wlw in wniml rmqirinn in lilzifl; ihn

' mit port nml hrnej ihr car in #70%.

Thu rlifcrirnl i n nl rmnlrol h ihn imlmgf, which miimmnnly the vulve peri-nit: car :in a i tn netti@ sf@ that it cannet be enteral l'rnnl the landing at which it was left until it hns again been brought back to the landing. There is also frequently leakage from the pr nre pori, through the valve to the cylinder. causing the cnr t0 be gradlmlly liferl while the vulve is ini closed psitiinn. In ihn @irse/nt invention this 0b]eclion isf Marcom@ The Slight downward lnownmnt of lhernr du@ to 'leakage Will (unse n mtf'il'inh nf the nproclt Wheel 21 in n iliruulion iin r the mire 13? Opening the` pressure puri milan nml admitwijzig gli: ting an mnnnn. nf linnnv iniciar prensum @qual tn tlm lening@ imm the nxhaut pipa, :inil lhurvliy preventing; lrahnr Settling of lh* w1'. ln :i Similar manner if the @fu- .rfl ihm tf leakage the unils m rnnw .ign mlm Awill he unwind tu the? discharge, pipe snrinnily trdichnrge the lealage from the prvn'snre pipe uml prevent the cnr from heingfnrriwl npwnrrl lwyoml the ilnorlamling.

'it will liv undersloml that thn principles nl ni; inrmrinn muy he einboflied in many apn/Jilin 'mrnn n? :apparatus other than hQre in mi orth, :mil :ihm that various changes in the (hl-nils olf am: 'iruciiwn und arrange mvns nl parts could he inside without departing' from tln spirit and Scope 0f the inferr-Linn. l Wish ihercfere not in be limited in rin* pnrtiznhir fentnrcs of construction lnrrin ilisclnsml,

:1n @lm/:atom En. mnzhinnton, a cnr, '120 h f'ilwmlic (lriri ,1., mmm, n. change valve, nwchnnim for opening and closing the who. n motor, and means comprising n durch for connecting said mechanism a1- hrnntely to 'the Cnr and motor.

4. ln :in elevator, thv cmnbnation of a Cnr, :i fhzulggje value. lzyl'ilrnulic moans for unwilling the: cnr. ninrlmninni for operating lw vulvez am elfctrif; i r, gearing belnwn :s maior anfl mf-nhanism for 13 supply current to the motor and elevg'omagnet to effect an operation of the vulve tu men gmstion and thereby start the cnr, and 1119x1115 To miomuicay cui @if the umrvni' supply from the motor :un magnet; wiwi; the cnr has reuchm (c. predifftormud pon; 11 its trawl, :m13 fherfbjn' effe@ n ifem'n uf the Valw, to (biased pnsiwu.

15. In an elevator System; the wmbinuf tion o'i' a Car, a. wh?, Inchun sm f0.1' opi-rut ing the; valve, electxu: motor, uwaus im connecting and, disconnecting the mwyor 1.0 und funn said. mechanism, reversing Swdws controlling the dzmftion of current mv through the Ixmtor, and uhr-ruby nomfrlngf the direction in Mich the va'm is nperatm, 'from ccntral position, f1 i Imam im gewi ing the Car to said live operating m hiifm and thereby fufzing u mm1-n u valve to central position.

16. h1 a hydraulic elevator, the mmifim tion of a car` a plunger, a cylinder. a Change valve controlling the flmv of iqnid rv und from the cylinder, running .'Onnecton p91 mn'nfmtly Seoul-ed to the cm: and forming f1 connection between bhv mi' und wlw for mwing the lnfw' tmxud ifs @imam position Whnn tha our is naming in either direction.

a nmgnetcaly operated clutch fm' mflng and breaking said connectvn, a motor operable ndepeudenty of the mw, f to form an operating; conmwtmn wwwa the mutuas and valve.

17. In a hydraulic eww; tion of a car, a pu Y' A valve, :an vhs-Pili@ .wm-wx: inw

mamy: und 50" Y 

